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Required Minimum Distribution Calculator

Estimate this year's required minimum distribution and see projected RMDs for the years ahead.

Estimated first RMD at age 73$31,698

Understanding this calculator

Once you reach your RMD age — 73 for those born 1951–1959, 75 for 1960 or later — the IRS requires annual withdrawals from traditional IRAs and most workplace plans. The formula is simple division: your prior December 31 balance divided by a life-expectancy factor from the IRS table. The factor shrinks each year, so the required percentage of your balance climbs as you age.

The planning angle: RMDs are ordinary income whether you need the money or not, and stacked on Social Security and other income they can push you into higher brackets or across Medicare IRMAA thresholds. That's exactly why many retirees look at Roth conversions in the years before RMDs begin.

Miss an RMD and the excise tax is steep (25%, reduced to 10% if corrected quickly). Your custodian will calculate the official number — this tool is for planning ahead.

Assumptions and methodology

  • Uses the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (effective 2022) and SECURE 2.0 start ages: 73 (born 1951–1959) or 75 (born 1960+).
  • RMD = prior year-end balance ÷ table factor for your age that year.
  • The projection grows the balance at your chosen return, subtracts each year's RMD, and repeats.
  • Assumes the Uniform table applies (spouse not more than 10 years younger); inherited-account rules are different and not covered.

Last reviewed August 30, 2026. Year-specific figures show their tax or data year in the tool; data is reviewed when the IRS, SSA, and CMS publish annual updates.

Common questions

When is my first RMD due?

You can delay the first one until April 1 of the year after you reach your RMD age — but then you'd take two in the same year, which can spike your tax bill. Most people take the first by December 31 instead.

Do Roth accounts have RMDs?

Roth IRAs don't during the owner's lifetime, and since 2024 Roth 401(k)s don't either. That RMD-free status is one reason conversions appeal to some retirees.

Can I take more than the minimum?

Always. The RMD is a floor, not a ceiling — many retirees withdraw more as part of their income plan.