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Medicare IRMAA Estimator

See whether your income triggers Medicare premium surcharges — and how close you are to the next cliff.

Part B / person / month$202.90

Understanding this calculator

IRMAA — the income-related monthly adjustment amount — is Medicare's high-income surcharge, and it catches retirees off guard for two reasons. First, it looks back two years: your 2026 premiums are set by your 2024 tax return, so income spikes echo into the future. Second, it's a cliff, not a slope — one dollar over a threshold buys the entire tier's surcharge for both Part B and Part D, for the whole year, for each spouse.

That cliff structure makes headroom the key planning number. Retirees managing Roth conversions, capital gains, or big IRA withdrawals often work backward from the next IRMAA threshold. And if your income has dropped since the lookback year because of a life-changing event like retirement, you can ask Social Security to use the lower figure — form SSA-44.

Assumptions and methodology

  • Uses 2026 tiers (CMS): standard Part B premium $202.90; surcharge tiers begin above $109,000 single / $218,000 joint MAGI, with compressed tiers for married filing separately.
  • MAGI here = AGI plus tax-exempt interest, from the return two years before the premium year.
  • The estimator applies the MAGI you enter to the displayed year's tiers; future-year tiers are inflation-indexed and not yet published.
  • Part D amounts shown are the IRMAA surcharge only — your base drug-plan premium varies by plan.

Last reviewed August 30, 2026. Year-specific figures show their tax or data year in the tool; data is reviewed when the IRS, SSA, and CMS publish annual updates.

Common questions

Both spouses pay the surcharge?

Yes — IRMAA applies per person, so one crossed threshold on a joint return raises premiums for each enrolled spouse.

My income dropped since the lookback year — am I stuck?

Not necessarily. For qualifying life-changing events (retirement, marriage, death of a spouse, and others) you can file SSA-44 and ask for the current, lower income to be used.

Do Roth withdrawals count toward MAGI?

Qualified Roth withdrawals don't — one reason retirees convert to Roth in lower-income years before Medicare and RMDs arrive.